Polo Sport Rules:

A polo match consists of two teams on horseback whose objective is to score as many goals as possible within the time limit of the game. The sport of polo can take some time to understand if you are new to the game. Many of the rules for polo aim to avoid accidents.

Playing Field

The playing field is 300 yards long by 160 yards wide, according to Hickok Sports. There is a goal at the farthest end of each side of the length of the playing field. The goal consists of two posts that are 8 yards apart and at least 10 feet high. Each polo team consists of four players, according to Sport All Sport. Players each have a number to indicate their specialty. Player No. 1 is the chief attacker and player No. 4 guards the goal posts. The player at No. 2 begins the offensive of each play by taking the ball or receiving a pass from the goalie. No. 3 plays offense and defense by participating in offensive passing combinations and by intercepting the opponents’ attempts at scoring a goal.

Game Play

A polo game begins with each team facing each other from opposite ends of the "T" marking at midfield. The umpire stands at least 5 yards away from the “T“ position, according to Hickok Sports, and rolls the ball between the teams for players to compete for possession. A polo game consists of six periods, or chukkers, according to Sport All Sport. Each chukker is seven minutes long. There is a three-minute intermission between chukkers and a five-minute intermission at halftime. Teams switch position on the playing field after halftime.

Pro Football Rules

A field goal attempt represents an opportunity to put three points on the board in football. On most occasions, a field goal is the result of a drive that failed to result in a touchdown. On other occasions, a coach may be trying for a field goal late in the game to get a victory for his team or send the game to overtime. When a field goal is missed, it usually represents excellent starting field position for the opponent.

Field Goal Attempt

When the offensive team attempts a field goal, the center snaps the ball to the holder who is eight yards behind the line of scrimmage. The holder catches the snap and places the point of the ball on the ground with the laces facing the goalpost. The kicker then hits the ball low and hard and attempts to drive the ball through the goalpost. If he fails and the kick sails wide, the ball is returned to the spot where the kicker hit the ball and the opponent takes possession.

Risks of Long Field Goals

If a team has the ball in the opponent's territory and has its drive stopped before it reaches the end zone, it will often try to score three points with a field goal. However, on long field goal attempts, the team will turn the ball over to its opponent with favorable field position. For example, if a team has the ball on fourth down at the opponent's 33-yard line, the snap back will place the ball at the 41-yard line. If the kick is unsuccessful, the opponents will get the ball at that point. This gives them a short field to work with and with just a couple of first downs, they will be threatening to score. For that reason, some coaches don't take long field goal attempts early in the game and choose to punt instead.

Returned Field Goal Attempts

On some long field goal attempts, the defending team may choose to put a return man back near the goalpost to field the kick in case it is short of the goalposts. If the return man can field the ball anywhere in the field of play, he is allowed to return it. Once he returns the ball, he will get as many yards as he can earn. If he doesn't get to the spot where the ball is kicked from, his team begins play from the spot where he was tackled.

Blocked Field Goals

If a field goal is blocked, the defending team will gain possession of the ball at the point it is recovered. If a player on the blocking team secures the ball and runs with it, he can gain as many yards as he can until he is tackled. It is possible to return a blocked field goal for a touchdown. If a player on the field goal team picks up the blocked kick behind the line of scrimmage, he can run with it and try to gain enough yards to earn a first down for his team. If he is short of gaining the first down, the opponent gains possession of the spot where that player was tackled.

hackey new 2011 Rules

The Board of the England Hockey Board has approved the introduction of the new 2011-12 Rules of Hockey (Outdoor and Indoor) at the start of the coming hockey season (1 September 2010).

This decision is supported by the International Hockey Federation (FIH) and follows a proposal from the Officiating & Rules Committee. 

Implementing the new rules on 1 September 2010 will ensure that all competitions are played under a consistent set of rules for the entire season.  With the significance of the indoor change and our indoor England Hockey League and National Knock-Out Competitions in counties and regions starting pre-Christmas, it was agreed that to have the competitions start with old rules and then conclude with new would be very difficult.

Additionally, the decision is supported by the recognition that the new Rules are almost all matter of fact and not judgmental in any respect.  No change should prove confusing or difficult for any player, umpire or coach to understand.  Umpiring Associations should not need to arrange meetings to discuss these changes.  Many will, of course, but those who cannot get a date fixed at short notice should still be able to notify umpires easily without risk of misinterpretation.

Basketball Rules

SCORING.

• 2 point field goal- a shot made from anywhere during play inside the 3 pt arc.
• 3 point field goal- a shot made from anywhere outside the 3 pt arc.
• Free throw- 1 point is awarded to an unguarded shot taken from behind the free throw line while the clock is stopped.

SKILLS.

• Boxing out- a player’s position between an opposing player and the basket to obtain a better rebounding position.
• Dribbling- bouncing the ball with 1 hand using your fingertips instead of your palm so that it rebounds back to yourself (the only legal way to move with the ball)
• Passing- moving the ball by throwing, bouncing, handing, or rolling it to another player (Chest, Bounce, Lob)
• Shooting- throwing the ball to make a basket
• Pivoting- stepping once or more in any direction with the same foot while holding the other foot at its initial point.
• Rebounding- The recovering of a shot that bounces off the backboard or the rim.

FOULS. esults in one or more free throws awarded to the opposing team

• Blocking- impeding the progress of an opponent by extending one or both arms horizontally or getting in the path of a moving player.
• Charging- running into a stationary player while you are moving with the ball.
• Hacking- the player hits the arm or hand of the person holding the ball.
• Holding- the player holds the person with or without the ball.

VIOLATIONS. results in a change of possession with the team in bounding the ball at the side line opposite where the infringement took place

• Traveling- moving illegally with the ball
• Three seconds- an offensive player remains in the key (free throw lane- the area under the basket) for more than 3 seconds
• Double dribble- a player dribbles the ball with both hands at the same time or they stop and then start dribbling again

TERMS.

• Air ball- a shot that completely misses the rim and the backboard
• Assist- a pass to a teammate who then scores a field goal.
• Defense- team trying to stop the other team from scoring
• Dunk- to throw the ball down into the basket with the hand above the level of the rim
• Fast break- dribbling or passing the ball towards your basket before the defense can set up
• Man-to-man- a defensive strategy where everyone guards an assigned player
• Offense- team trying to score
• Turn over- any loss of the ball without a shot being taken
• Zone defense- a defensive strategy where everyone guards an area instead of a player (2-1-2, 2-3)

cricket rules in urdu

Welcome to the greatest game of all - Cricket. This site will help explain to an absolute beginner some of the basic rules of cricket. Although there are many more rules in cricket than in many other sports, it is well worth your time learning them as it is a most rewarding sport. Whether you are looking to play in the backyard with a mate or join a club Cricket-Rules will help you learn the basics and begin to enjoy one of the most popular sports in the world.

The cricket rules displayed on the home page here are for the traditional form of cricket which is called "Test Cricket". However there are other formats of the game eg. 50 over matches, Twenty20 Cricket etc where the rules differ slightly.

The rules are designed to provide a compromise between those of the two codes, with Gaelic football players being advantaged by the use of a round ball and a rectangular field (Australian rules uses an oval ball and field), while the Australian rules football players benefit from the opportunity to tackle between the shoulders and thighs, something banned in Gaelic football. The game also introduces the concept of the mark, from Australian rules football, with a free kick awarded for any ball caught from a kick of over 15 metres.^[2]
A player must bounce, solo or touch the ball on the ground once every 10 metres or six steps.^[2] A maximum of two bounces per possession are allowed, while players can solo the ball as often as they wish on a possession.^[2] Unlike in Gaelic football, the ball may be lifted directly off the ground, without putting a foot underneath it first.^[2] Players however cannot scoop the ball off the ground to a team-mate, nor pick up the ball if they are on their knees or on the ground.^[2] If a foul is committed, a free kick will be awarded, referees can give the fouled player advantage to play on at their discretion.^[2]
The game uses two large posts and two small posts, as in Australian rules, and a crossbar and goal net as in Gaelic football.
Points are scored as follows:

• In the goal net (a goal): 6 points, umpire waves green flag and raises both index fingers.^[2]
• Over the crossbar and between the two large posts (an over): 3 points, umpire waves red flag and raises one arm above his head.^[2]
• Between a large post and a small post (a behind): 1 point, umpire waves white flag and raises one index finger.^[2]

Scores are written so as to clarify how many of each type of score were made as well as, like Australian football, giving the total points score for each team; for example, if a team scores one goal, four overs and 10 behinds, the score is written as 1-4-10 (28), meaning one goal (six points) plus 4 overs (4 × 3 = 12 points) plus 10 behinds (10 × 1 = 10 points), for a total score of 28 points.
An international rules match lasts for 72 minutes (divided into four quarters of 18 minutes each).^[2] Inter-county Gaelic football matches go on for 70 minutes, divided into two halves, and Australian rules matches consists of four 20 minutes quarters of game time, although with the addition of stoppage time, most quarters actually last between 25 and 30 minutes.
As in Gaelic football, teams consist of fifteen players, including a goalkeeper, whereas eighteen are used in Australian rules (with no keeper).